With the transition into marriage, marijuana and other substance use tends to decline; however, this is not true for all individuals. The objective of this work was to examine the impact of premarital individual and partner psychological health and substance use behaviors on the likelihood of using marijuana over the first four years of marriage. Couples’ (N = 634) marijuana use, other substance use, and psychological variables were assessed at the time they applied for their marriage license and then again at the first, second and fourth anniversaries.

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Generalized Estimating Equation models were used to estimate the risk for using marijuana over the first four years of marriage after controlling for the natural decrease in risk associated with time and other relevant sociodemographic variables. Smoking prior to marriage and heavy alcohol use was associated with an increased risk for using marijuana over the first four years of marriage for both husbands and wives. After considering the impact of time and individual risk factors, a spouse’s use of marijuana prior to marriage was a strong predictor of increased risk for marijuana use during the first four years of marriage. 1.0 Introduction Substance use tends to decline towards the end of young adulthood. This decline is true for alcohol as well as illicit drug use ().

Investigated the patterns of initiation, cessation, and continuation of drug use in a US general population study of individuals in their late 20’s to mid 30’s and found that most illicit drug use ended by age 29. For marijuana, they reported that peak use occurred at about age 19, remained stable for the next four to five years, and then declined. Using data from the Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey, also found that past year marijuana use peaked in early adulthood. Despite the fact that marijuana used tends to decline by the late 20’s, a significant number of men and women still reported marijuana use into their mid 30’s. About a quarter of men aged 30–31 reported past year marijuana use and 14% of women in the same age group reported past year marijuana use (). Similarly, examined marijuana use among newly married couples in their 20’s and 30’s and found that rates of past year marijuana use were very comparable with 26% of men and 20% of women acknowledging use in the past year.

The processes underlying these developmental declines, or in some cases, maintenance of drug use are not well understood. Suggested that declines in substance use are related to a process of psychosocial maturation that was a result of selection and self-correction. He suggested that, over time, individuals develop an increased sense of responsibility about their future, which results in engaging in behaviors that are less risky or excessive. Further, during this maturation process, substance use may be seen as a behavior that will impede progress towards one’s goals or it may be seen as a behavior that is no longer consistent with one’s behavioral norms. To test this process of psychosocial maturation, he assessed substance use in a sample of young adults over a seven-year period (from individuals’ early 20’s through their late 20’s) and found declines in substance use for both men and women as well as lower levels of substance use among these individuals’ peers.

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The acquisition of adult roles (first full time job, marriage, becoming a parent, etc.) can be seen as a series of developmental milestones in this maturation process. Because substance use, particularly illicit substance use, may be incompatible with more conventional adult roles such as marriage or parenthood, the transition into these events should result in the decline of substance use (). In a 20-year longitudinal study of marijuana use and adult roles, not being married at time 4 (early 20’s) was significantly associated with marijuana use at time 5 (late 20’s) ().

Time 4 employment status and living arrangement, however, were not associated with greater likelihood of marijuana use at time 5. Examined the acquisition of family roles (marriage and parenthood) on the patterns of marijuana use and found that men are more likely to stop using marijuana in the year preceding marriage and after becoming a parent while married. Among women, cessation of marijuana was found in the year before marriage and in the year following marriage. In the year prior to the birth of a child, the likelihood of cessation was even greater. Explored the relation between social roles and marijuana use and also found evidence for reductions in use associated with these adult roles. The transitions into family roles were more strongly predictive of changes in drug use compared to current marital or employment status.